Abstract: The understory plays a critical role in the disturbance dynamics of forest, as it influences wildfire behavior. Unfortunately, the structure of understory fuels is difficult to quantify due to heterogeneity. LiDAR can measure changes in forest structure more rapidly, comprehensively, and accurately than manual approaches, but remote sensing is more frequently applied to the overstory. We evaluated the use of handheld mobile laser scanning (HMLS) to measure changes in fine-scale surface fuels following wildfire and timber harvest in Northern Californian forests, USA. The ability of HMLS to quantify surface fuels was validated by destructively sampling vegetation within a 3D frame and comparing destructive-based volumes with HMLS-based occupied volume estimates. There was a positive linear relationship between volume estimates, and occupied volume estimated from 1-cm voxels had the best relationship with measured biomass compared to larger voxel sizes. Next, HMLS was used to scan forest plots where wildfire or timber harvest occurred, producing bi-temporal structural measurements. Plot level HMLS estimates without ground voxels revealed regrowth of live vegetation one-year post-fire that was not apparent from field measurements collected via Brown's transects. Comparison between Brown's transects and HMLS estimate showed similar decreases in surface fuels post-wildfire, further indicating that the increase in estimated volume one-year post-fire comes from vegetation regrowth rather than dead fuel accumulation. HMLS can be a valuable tool for land stewards to rapidly quantify understory vegetation, especially following disturbance. Assessing understory vegetation is crucial for reducing wildfire risk and fuels might not be captured fully post-wildfire using traditional approaches.
Jackson, Brandy L., et al. “Disability and Accommodation Use in US Bachelor of Science in Nursing Programs.” JAMA Network Open., vol. 8, no. 2, 2025, p. e2461038.
Abstract: Medical associations’ commitment to advancing disability-inclusive practices has led to data collection on, and a significant increase in representation of, medical students with disabilities. However, information on disability representation and accommodation use in US nursing programs remains scarce. The lack of data collection on this population impedes the ability to identify barriers, benchmark, and measure progress. To address this gap, we quantified disabilities and types of accommodations used among traditional prelicensure nursing students in US Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) degree programs.
Glass, Julie, et al. “Peer Instruction in Mathematics: A Survey of the California State University.” PRIMUS : Problems, Resources, and Issues in Mathematics Undergraduate Studies., 2025, pp. 1–18.
This report describes the current landscape of peer instruction models for mathematics, and its diversity, commonalities, and efficacy across California State University (CSU) campuses. While models differ in their placement, organization, and level of support, they share similar goals and values: increasing a sense of belonging in students, improving their academic self-sufficiency and confidence, creating an academic and social community of learners, and improving course-level outcomes and retention. Here we identify and synthesize shared themes, factors that influence implementation, and common challenges. Based on our investigation, we share recommendations for universities, departments, and other relevant stakeholders for sustainably implementing and coordinating peer instruction within their institutions.
